Underwater photography is already a complex and technically demanding artform, but when you add a human subject into the mix, it becomes a true collaboration. Working with underwater models requires a unique blend of preparation, communication, and empathy. Whether you’re shooting on freedive or in scuba gear, knowing how to work with your model (not just photograph them) is the difference between a chaotic experience and a magical one.
Here are the do’s and don’ts every underwater photographer should follow when working with models:
1. Do: Have a Clear Vision
Don’t: Show up and “wing it.”
Before anyone even hits the water, make sure you’ve done your homework. Underwater modeling is physically demanding and often cold, so it’s essential not to waste anyone’s time. Come prepared with reference images, storyboards, or mood boards that visually communicate what you’re aiming to capture. Sharing this vision with your model ahead of time ensures you’re both aligned and can work more efficiently during the limited time underwater. Have a clear vision and share it with the model beforehand!
2. Do: Give Clear Directions
Don’t: Assume your model knows what you’re thinking.
Underwater communication is challenging, especially when visibility is low or you’re working with limited breath holds. If you’re freediving, use surface intervals to give specific feedback and show your model the photos you’ve taken so far. Don’t hesitate to physically demonstrate the pose or movement you’re envisioning. If you’re diving on scuba, establish a system of hand signals or visual cues beforehand. A simple, shared language underwater can go a long way in refining poses and reducing confusion. Along with having a clear vision established ahead of time, giving clear directions to communicate that vision are necessary to keep things moving smoothly and efficiently.
3. Do: Prioritize Your Model’s Comfort and Safety
Don’t: Forget that they’re cold and working hard.
Models often wear lightweight or minimal clothing underwater — think swimsuits, dresses, or flowing fabrics that look ethereal on camera but offer zero thermal protection. Meanwhile, photographers are usually bundled up in wetsuits or drysuits for extended shoots. It’s easy to forget how quickly body heat drops in water (up to 25x faster than in air!), even in tropical conditions. Schedule regular breaks, bring towels or robes, and offer warm drinks like tea between sets. A little consideration goes a long way in keeping your model safe, comfortable, and happy to keep creating.
4. Do: Be Pleasant and Have Fun
Don’t: Be difficult to work with.
Underwater modeling is a small, tight-knit community. It’s an extremely specialized skill that we cannot take for granted. The people you shoot with today might be the same ones recommending or working with you tomorrow. Showing up with a positive attitude, being open to creative input, and creating a fun atmosphere will not only make the experience better for everyone, and it will show in the images. Energy is contagious, and the best photos often come from a session where everyone feels respected and inspired. Don’t forget to have fun, and enjoy the process together!
Final Thoughts
Underwater photography with models is a collaborative dance that balances artistry, technical skill, and human connection. Treat your model as a creative partner, not just a subject, and it will show through in the work you create together. When you’re prepared, communicative, respectful, and fun to be around, you don’t just get better photos, but you build lasting relationships that lead to even more creative opportunities down the road. Can’t wait to see what you’ll create!
