Green Island, Taitung City, Taiwan
aerial view of Green Island, near Taitung County, Taiwan

Green Island, Taitung City, Taiwan

Green Island is an East Asian diving paradise off the southeast coast of Taitung County in Taiwan. The volcanic island’s weather-beaten, rugged beauty makes it a breathtaking dive spot for scuba diving enthusiasts. Travel to this exciting destination and witness firsthand the abundance of coral reefs and tropical fish.

Geography of Green Island, Taiwan

Green Island, formerly known as Bonfire Island (Huoshao), is one of the most popular dive sites in Taiwan. Located 33 km (or 21 miles) off the southeast coast of Taiwan, the island is part of Taitung County. Green Island was formed by undersea, volcanic activity, which lends a windswept, rugged charm to its rocky coastlines. Its magnificent cliffs and beach terraces drop to colorful coral reefs underwater, which in turn are inhabited by an abundance of tropical fish. Across the shoreline, you’ll find stunning white coral beaches and coves that beckon into you into warm, tropical waters. These famed waters are home to underwater shipwrecks (making it a top destination for wreck divers), as well as soft and hard coral and hammerhead sharks. Taitung County, in particular, is a popular destination for scuba diving in Taiwan. The county has two offshore areas: Green Island and Orchid Island.

Shark Point (Gun Swei Bi)

Every year, from January to March, hammerhead sharks swarm around a dive site called Gun Swei Bi or Shark Point. Scientists believe that the sharks use the area as a breeding ground. The negative entry and strong current, however, make Shark Point one of the most difficult dive sites, as it goes down as far as 37 meters with a strong current.

Chaikou

The Chaikou diving site is found on the northern side of Green Island, and is distinguished by its magnificent landscape of stony corals and rocky reef coral seabed. Considered a beginner zone, the diving paths to the site are constructed to give snorkelers and divers better access to the water.

Steel Reef

Steel Reef (which can be reached by boat) is made up of four rough pyramid structures covered in corals. This man-made steel reef is full of soft coral and is populated by schools of reef fish, some of which are endangered. The dive site is suitable for advanced open water divers, as it is located 30 meters into deep water.

Electric Pole Reef

The Electric Pole Reef is located south of Chaikou, with a maximum depth of 24 meters. The dive site and electric reefs were completed in cooperation with the Marine Corps in 2004. Diving to the bottom of the sand will reward you with various marine life, including stingrays, eels, and golden barracudas.

6m Reef

The 6m Reef takes its name from how the top of the reef is found six meters above the water. Within 6 meters to 18 meters of diving into the site, you’ll find all sorts of sea life, including sea goldies, scorpion juvenile fish, butterflyfishes, and more.

Dabaisha

Dabaisha is a popular snorkelling spot. It is set apart by its long stretch of white sand, which leads to an expanse of clear, blue water and coral reefs. You have the option to dive right from the rocky point within sight of the beach. Just beneath the surface, you’ll be fascinated by fast-moving needlefish before seeing the vast corals, as well as the clown and parrot fish, below.

Independent Reef

The Independent Reef is located 100 meters in front of the Dabaisha diving site. It takes its name from its prominent surface reef—also called an independent reef—located east-west and about 18 meters deep. Prepare to be greeted by boxing crabs and sea anemones underwater.

Chicken Reef

Green Island’s Chicken Reef is made up of an enormous coral reef plate 31 meters deep. The currents here run strong (flowing from the southeast to the northwest), and you’ll spot several migratory birds gathering food. On the south side, you’ll find an open reef plate that resembles a crocodile with its mouth wide open. It is about seven feet high and 33 meters deep.

Marine Life

  • Hammerhead Sharks - During the last few weeks of February, there’s a high chance you’ll find scalloped hammerhead sharks and other hammerhead species schooling off the southern tip of Green Island. Moving in big schools allows them to catch larger, trickier prey. It takes extreme scuba diving skills to see these awesome sharks because they’re often found at the junction of three strong ocean currents.
  • Parrotfishes - The strong yet dangerous current in Green Island make it host to incredible fish species, including the parrotfish. In between inspecting the nooks and crannies of coral reefs, you might notice the presence of these magnificent fishes with their large green bodies. You’ll find them nonchalantly munching on corals with their gaping, prominent teeth.
  • Clownfishes - Bright orange and with three distinct white bars, the clown anemonefish is the most recognizable of all reef dwellers. They are commonly found around certain types of anemones, which they perform an elaborate dance with. In exchange for safety from predators, clownfishes drive off intruders and remove parasites from their anemone host.
  • Giant Coconut Crabs - The mention of crabs in Taiwan will most likely make anyone smack their lips in delight because of the country’s geography and reputation as a culinary paradise. Indeed, Taiwan is home to more than 600 crab species, including the coconut crab, the world’s largest terrestrial invertebrate. Their large pincers allow them to crack coconuts and devour its contents.
  • Sea Snakes - More than four species of sea snakes can be found in the waters off the western side of Green Island. And although they’re highly venomous (making them the most potent of all snake species), they rarely attack humans because of their non-aggressive nature and short fangs. To adapt to underwater life, sea snakes have a flattened body; short, oarlike tails; valvular nostrils; and elongated lungs.
  • Shellfish - Taiwan has a strong fishing heritage, which is apparent from its street food to fine dining options. One of these culinary notables is the shellfish, the slimy-yet-tasty invertebrate that produces pearls. But apart from being a delicious snack, shellfish are also in abundance in the waters. Miniature shellfish and other crustacean species can be found along the island’s shoreline.

Other Attractions

  • Zhaori Hot Spring - Called Asahi Onsen by the Japanese, Zhaori Hot Spring delivers clear and transparent saltwater with a temperature of around 60-70 degrees Celsius. Based on the shape and where the spring occurs, it is possible that the seawater is heated up by the remains of the Green Island volcano.
  • Ludao Lighthouse - One of Green Island’s most prominent landmarks is the Ludao Lighthouse, which is situated on the island’s northwest corner. It was built in 1938 after the US cruise liner President Hoover rammed into an offshore reef. This led local villagers to stage a rescue effort, and the US government financed the construction of the lighthouse in gratitude. It’s a dramatic place to visit if you want a breathtaking view of the sunset.
  • Guanyin Cave - Guanyin Cave is a limestone terrain formed by rising coral reefs eroded by underground rivers. Inside the cave you’ll find a stone Guanyin statue. Legend says that a group of fishermen lost their directions at sea before a fireball guided the distressed seamen back to shore. They found the Guanyin statue, and an altar was set up for offerings.
  • Little Great Wall (Siao Changcheng) - The Little Great Wall is a 300-meter path along a precipitously high promontory, formed on the northern crater lip of the volcano that makes up Green Island. From that vantage point, you’ll have a gorgeous view of Haishenping Bay and Sleeping Beauty Rock.

How to Get There

If you’re starting your vacation in Taipei or the western coast of Taiwan, the first thing you’ll need to do is travel to Taitung County, which is on the eastern side. From Taipei, you can ride the train straight to Taitung, which will take you through the spectacular East Rift Valley. If you’re coming from the west coast, you can take the High Speed Rail to Kaohsiung before boarding the normal train to Taitung.

By Air
If you’re in a rush to arrive at Green Island, riding a plane is the best way to go. Daily Air flies three times daily from Taitung Airport to Green Island’s small airport. These flights take about 15 to 20 minutes.

By Boat
Another option would be to ride the ferry that heads from Taitung’s Fugang Harbor to Green Island before going to Orchid Island. The ship is packed with motion-sickness bags should you experience seasickness because of the strong winds or choppy ride. The trip takes about an hour.

Getting Around
Once you’ve arrived in Taiwan, getting from one place to another is convenient. Major cities and off-shore islands are connected through trains, buses, high speed rails, and ferries. The most practical way to get around Green Island is via scooters, which you can easily find lining the roads around the harbor. If you’re staying at a guesthouse, your accommodation package may include a scooter rental. Cars are also available for rent.

Best Time to Visit

Green Island boasts a sub-tropical climate, so the best time to visit is during spring (April to June) or fall (September to November). If you don’t mind the cold weather, planning a diving session in Green Island, Taiwan, is also great during winter (December to March) because the waters offer greater visibility. Moreover, the warm Japanese current ensures a comfortable dip underwater.

Required Trainings & Certifications

Divers of all skill levels are welcome. Diving in advanced Green Island diving sites like Steel Reef, however, will require you to obtain an Advanced Open Water Diver certification to advance your diving knowledge and skills. This way, you can take on various adventure dives and develop new ways to have fun underwater.

Miscellaneous Information

Currency
The unit of currency in Taiwan is the New Taiwan Dollar, which has five denominations in paper money and five in coins. You can exchange foreign currencies at any government-designated bank or hotel. Major credit cards like American Express, Visa, and Mastercard can be cashed in at foreign-exhange banks, international hotels, and other tourism-oriented establishments.

Language
The official language of Taiwan is Mandarin, which has two dialects: Taiwanese Mandarin and standard Mandarin. Taiwanese Mandarin is spoken by 70% of the population, while standard Mandarin (the official language) is spoken by about 20% of the people in Taiwan. Other minority languages—like Hokkien, Hakka, Japanese, English, and Taiwanese sign language— make up the remaining 10%.

Time Zone
Green Island observes Taipei Standard Time, defined by a UTC offset of +08:00.

Driving Side
Generally, the rules of the road in Taiwan are similar to other countries. Just like the United States, the Taiwanese drive on the right-hand side of the road. The state does not permit turning right at a red light, however. In the city, the speed limit is 50 mph.

Calling Code
The Taiwan country code +886 will allow you to call Taiwan from another country. The calling code is dialled after the IDD, which is then followed by the area code and local number.

ISO 3166 code
Taiwan is assigned the ISO 3166-2 code CN-71 under ISO 3166-2:CN (China), because the People’s Republic of China regards Taiwan as part of an “indivisible China.”

Internet TLD
The Internet country code top-level domain for Taiwan is .tw, based on the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code TW.